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--- documentation:π-box_v2_-_step_by_step_installation_guide [2023/09/07 13:06] – [REQUIRED HARDWARE] jbb
+++ documentation:π-box_v2_-_step_by_step_installation_guide [2024/01/09 10:05] (current) – removed pnode
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== π-box v2 - Step by step installation guide ======
-===== Hardware prerequisites =====
-==== REQUIRED HARDWARE ====
-  * raspberry pi 3B (it works with Raspberry Pi)https://www.kubii.fr/raspberry-pi-3-2-et-b/1628-raspberry-pi-3-modele-b-1-gb-kubii-640522710850.html
-  * micro SD card (SDHC class10) https://www.kubii.fr/carte-sd-et-stockage/1795-carte-microsd-64go-classe-10-sandisk-kubii-619659161507.html?search_query=sd&results=112
-  * power plug 5v 2.1A, (don't use USB phone chargers, as 1A is not powerfull enough) https://www.kubii.fr/14-chargeurs-alimentations-raspberry/1631-alimentation-raspberry-pi-5v-25a-pour-raspberry-pi-3-couleur-noir-kubii-640522711000.html
-  * USB sound card (built-in output sound is crapy and there is no input sound by default on Raspberry Pi)
- a good compatible USB soundcard, recommanded : https://www.sonovente.com/behringer-uca-222-p26643.html
- Hifiberry sound card https://www.hifiberry.com/shop/boards/hifiberry-dac-adc/
- standard : https://www.kubii.fr/convertisseurs-adaptateurs-raspberry/2055-carte-son-externe-usb-vers-35mm-jack-adaptateur-audio-kubii-3272496009158.html?search_query=carte+son+usb&results=16
-  * WiFi USB dongle (2 WiFi USB dongles if you have a version of Raspberry Pi < 3) to connect to internet without ethernet cable
- a compatible WiFI USB dongle : https://www.kubii.fr/claviers-et-peripheriques-usb/64-module-wi-fi-usb-wi-pi-pour-raspberry-pi-kubii-3170111000385.html
-> **If you have a version of Raspberry Pi < 3**, you will need a second Wifi USB dongle to create the access point (AP):
-> Dont use any WiFi USB Dongle based on a chip that is not compatible with the AP mode - bug detected,
-> Check the model of your dongle's chip
-> then check on this list of existing chips, on the AP colomn, if your chip model is compatible with AP mode : https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Category:Linux_driver/802dot11 .
-> For any chip model, you can get the list of WiFi dongles based on it : for example, these WiFi dongles are not compatible: https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Rtl8192cu
-> these are example of compatible chips : brcmfmac, or rt2800usb. Check here (compatible models) : https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Brcmfmac , https://wikidevi.com/wiki/Rt2800usb
-  * Radio antenna to expand the FM broadcast
-==== OPTIONAL HARDWARE ====
-    battery for mobile streams, or solar panels
-    https://www.kubii.fr/14-chargeurs-alimentations-raspberry/1670-power-bank-li-polymer-15-000-mah-555-wh-kubii-3272496005013.html
-    sound recorder (type zoom H4N pro / H2N) or microphones, to broadcast soundscapes
-==== Also required : ====
-icecast server needed for upstream !
-REQUIRED FOR THE INSTALLATION PHASE
-  * monitor + HDMI + keyboard
-  * a computer
-  * internet RJ45 cable
-  * internet
-===== STEP BY STEP INSTALLATION =====
-==== PRELIMINARIES ====
-Download Raspbian image
-If you have a raspberry pi 3B then download Raspbian stretch lite : https://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspbian_lite_latest
-Writing Raspian image to an SD card
-Install image disc (.img) by following carefully https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/README.md
-You will need to use an image writing tool to burn the image you have downloaded on your SD card.
-burn on Linux / Windows / Mac
-Use etcher : Etcher is a graphical SD card writing tool that works on Mac OS, Linux and Windows, and is the easiest option for most users. Etcher also supports writing images directly from the zip file, without any unzipping required. To write your image with Etcher:
-  * Download Etcher and install it.
-  * Connect an SD card reader with the SD card inside.
-  * Open Etcher and select from your hard drive the Raspberry Pi .img or .zip file you wish to write to the SD card.
-  * Select the SD card you wish to write your image to
-  * Review your selections and click 'Flash!' to begin writing data to the SD card.
-an other way to burn on Linux / Mac
-following https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/linux.md
-get the name of the partition of the sd card
-      $ df -h
-eject the sd card and redo the command
-      $ df -h
-For example: sdd, sdb, mmcblk0
-then we're ready to use dd. Be careful to indicate the exact address of the SD card, or you will lose all the data on the hard drive if you provide the wrong device name. Make sure the device name is the name of the whole SD card not just a partition.
-export the image to the SD card with a terminal
-      $ sudo dd if=2018-04-18-raspbian-stretch.img of=/dev/sdb status=progress bs=1M
-(mac users, use a small m for the bs instruction bs=1m or bs=4m)
-when done
-      $ sudo sync
-Configuration of Raspbian
-then eject the SD card and plug it into a raspberry pi, with a keyboard and hdmi monitor
-Connect a monitor and a keyboard to the Raspberry Pi. Connect the Raspberry Pi to internet with an ethernet cable.
-Switch on the raspberry pi
-Default login and password : pi / raspberry
-enter the command
-      $ sudo raspi-config
-go to 1. Change User Password
-=> remember your password !
-go to 5. interfacing and enable ssh
-=> by selecting "Yes"
-you can also change the timezone and the language settings if necessary
-=> then exit by selecting "Finish"
-INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION
-Once Raspbian Lite (Jessie or Stretch) is installed and configured.
-$ sudo apt-get update
-$ sudo apt-get upgrade
-download git, sox et libav-tools oggfwd
-$ sudo apt-get install git sox libav-tools oggfwd python3-pip
-install pip3 w/ beautifullsoup 4
-$ sudo pip3 install bs4
-download sources with git
-$ cd
-$ git clone http://git.rybn.org/rybn/pibox_v2.git
-extra libraries to install to control the pibox through wifi : hostapd & dnsmasq
-$ sudo apt-get install hostapd dnsmasq
-stop services hostapd and dnsmasq
-$ sudo systemctl stop dnsmasq
-$ sudo systemctl stop hostapd
-then create the file /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
-$ sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
-add the following in the file (you can customize the ssid with youn own value, for example change "myssid" with "myPibox"). To save the file with nano, use 'CTRL-x' to exit and validate with 'y' to save the modified file. Seehttps://www.howtoforge.com/linux-nano-command/ for a complete guide about nano.
-interface=wlan0
-driver=nl80211
-ssid=myssid
-hw_mode=g
-channel=7
-wmm_enabled=0
-macaddr_acl=0
-auth_algs=1
-ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
-configure the file /etc/default/hostapd
-$ sudo nano /etc/default/hostapd
-then uncomment and modify the following line
-#DAEMON_CONF=""
-for
-DAEMON_CONF="/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf"
-dont forget to uncomment (erase #)
-then, configure the file /etc/dnsmasq.conf
-$ sudo cp /etc/dnsmasq.conf /etc/dnsmasq.conf_back
-$ echo "" | sudo tee /etc/dnsmasq.conf
-$ sudo nano /etc/dnsmasq.conf
-put
-interface=wlan0
-# Use the require wireless interface - usually wlan0
-dhcp-range=192.168.100.2,192.168.100.10,255.255.255.0,24h
-then change wlan0 parameters in : /etc/dhcpcd.conf
-$ sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf
-add to the end of the file
-interface wlan0
-static ip_address=192.168.100.1/24
-nohook wpa_supplicant
-continue with
-$ sudo systemctl restart dhcpcd
-$ sudo systemctl unmask hostapd
-$ sudo systemctl start hostapd
-$ sudo systemctl enable hostapd
-$ sudo systemctl start dnsmasq
-set hostname for the pibox. You can change "pibox" with your own name.
-$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname "pibox"
-open the rc.local
-$ sudo nano /etc/rc.local
-and add just before the line "exit 0" :
-/usr/bin/python3 /home/pi/pibox_V2/go.py 2> /home/pi/pibox_V2/error_log.txt >/dev/null &
-you should get :
-#!/bin/sh -e
-#
-# rc.local
-#
-# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
-# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
-# value on error.
-#
-# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
-# bits.
-#
-# By default this script does nothing.
-# Print the IP address
-_IP=$(hostname -I) || true
-if [ "$_IP" ]; then
-  printf "My IP address is %s\n" "$_IP"
-fi
-/usr/bin/python3 /home/pi/pibox_v2/go.py 2> /home/pi/pibox_v2/error_log.txt >/dev/null &
-exit 0
-HIGHLY RECOMMENDED : ADD A USB WIFI KEY TO GET INTERNET ACCESS (WITH OR WITHOUT WIRED ACCESS)
-To be sure your wifi dongle will work as expected whatever the brand and the driver used (some wifi dongle won't let builtin wifi named wlan0 with the latest Raspbian Stretch like the TP-LINK TL-WN725N that use the driver r8188eu), to avoid any problem do this :
-create rules
-$ sudo nano /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
-type
-ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="r8188eu", NAME="wlan1"
-save and shutdown the Raspberry Pi
-$ sudo halt
-ASSEMBLAGE
-hardware assemblage
-Now before to restart, put all elements together.
-Plug the additional USB WiFi dongle and the USB sound card. And plug the antenna.
-Dipole antenna building
-To make the dipole : π-box - How to build an antenna
-Connect the dipole antenna to the pin 4 (modulation) and 5 (ground)
-Power
-Now, just plug the power, or the battery, to run the PiBox.
-Optional and experimental
-[[∏-Case]]
-[[DIY_power_DIY_Solar_Power]]
-ADMINISTRATION
-TO BROADCAST IN FM, PUT AN ANTENNA
-On the GPIO 4 as described on the image below : the forth on the left starting from the top
-[[File:Rasppische-fm-transmitter.jpg]]
-PLUG THE EXTERNAL SOUNDCARD
-To be able to broadcast an external sound source, plug the external sound card in a USB port and plug a minijack into the input (Mic symbol) of the external soundcard
-CONNECT TO THE ADMINISTRATION INTERFACE'''
-Check the WiFi around and connect to the WiFi called "pibox" (or myssid depending on how you set it up)
-then, open a browser and open the address 192.168.100.1 or pibox.local (if you set this hostname)
-the page will ask you to enter a login and a password : it should be by default : '''pibox / pnodeaccesspass'''
-then, you're in to change the settings ! here what looks like the interface
-[[File:Interface_pibox.png|1000px]]
-INTERFACE
-The upper side of the interface shows the ip adress of the device, and which device provides internet (if connected).
-The lower side is divided in two modes : Online mode (with internet access) or Offline mode (without internet access).
-UPPER PART
-WIFI CONNECTION FIELD:
-you can enter a SSID and a password to connect to your favorite WiFi network. Ideal for connecting outside on a telephone that shares its connection.
-In case the info is wrong, the PiBox will search to create a connection on Ethernet (eth0), and in the case none of those options works, will enter the offline mode
-UPLOAD FILE FIELD:
-allows you to select a file on your hardware and put it on the storage spot of the PiBox.
-The files are stored in the following folder : /home/pi/Pibox_V-2/sounds/
-Removal or renaming of files can be done either through ssh, by connecting to the pi with a keyboard and a monitor, or by inserting the SD card in your computer, and from your desktop.
-ONLINE MODE:
-'''INPUTS''': choose an input from the following
-    input from '''FILES''', stored on the SD card, with a 'play in random order' option
-    input from '''STREAM''': can be your favorite webradio, a stream from another PiBox, etc ...
-    input from '''LINE IN''': connect any sound device on the sound card : record player, tape player, mp3 player, computer, etc...
-'''OUTPUTS''': select the output of your transmissions
-All outputs can be associated simultaneously, and freely !
-    '''LINE OUT''': plug a mini-jack to the sound card, to connect the PiBox to a speaker,
-    '''STREAM''': enter the icecast server address to stream
-    server address : p-node one is : http://stream.p-node.org/
-    user : can be PIBOXnn (choose a number)
-    password : can be 107MHz replace the 2 stars by the name of the band on which you are broadcasting in capital (don't think too much, it's very simple, or see below :)
-    mountpoint : can be piboxnn.ogg
-    port : p-node one is 80
-    bitrate : 128 for example
-    metadata name, genre, ...
-    '''FM''': tune the frequency to broadcast on the FM band, from 88 MHz to 108MHz (actually pifmrds allows to broadcast from 76MHz, but you will need a rtl-sdr to listen, or adequate equipment).
-    '''RDS''' : input a text message to broadcast it on the radio data system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Data_System
-OFFLINE MODE
-The PiBox in offline mode is fully functional, except for the sources that comes from internet and necessitate a connection, same for the broadcast.
-INPUTS: choose an input from the following
-    input from '''FILES''', stored on the sd card, with a 'play in random order' option.
-    input from '''LINE IN''': connect any sound device on the sound card : record player, tape player, mp3 player, computer, etc...
-'''OUTPUTS''': choose a output mode, all outputs can be associated freely
-    '''LINE OUT''': plug a mini-jack to the sound card, to connect the PiBox to a speaker,
-    '''FM''': tune the frequency to broadcast on the FM band, from 88MHz to 108MHz
-    '''RDS''': input a text message to broadcast it on the radio data system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Data_System
-OPTION
-'''Change SSID name'''
-edit the file /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
-$ sudo nano /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
-change the SSID by entering youn own value
-  interface=wlan0
-  driver=nl80211
-  ssid=myssid
-  hw_mode=g
-  channel=7
-  wmm_enabled=0
-  macaddr_acl=0
-  auth_algs=1
-  ignore_broadcast_ssid=0
-then
-$ sudo reboot
-'''Change ssh password'''
-by entering the following
-$ sudo raspi-config
-then
-$ sudo reboot
-UPDATE YOUR PIBOX
-This is not needed anymore because it is done automatically with latest versions of the Pibox :
-~~To update / upgrade the PiBox to the latest version, connect in ssh and git pull the last version from the repository.
-$ cd pibox_V2/
-$ sudo git pull
-if you get an error, because of the file configuration.conf, do :
-$ rm -rf configuration.conf~~
-WISH LIST OF FUTURE OPTIONS:
-    playlist/file manager
-    pirate box mode = captive portal when connected to pibox wifi, with access to file deposit
-    rtl-sdr input ! frequency, squelch, filter, ...
-    minimodem mode in input and output
-    mesh network ! with file propagation within the network
-    to test pifm 1MHz 250MHz
-KNOWN BUGS
-    automatic switch to files when ping to google fail: there is a 5 seconds timeout to check if internet is ok, opening google.com web page, but on my pibox (b01), it keeps switching whereas internet is ok, I tried to put a 30 s timeout but it doesn't seem to have solve the pb
-    reboot: daily reboot seems blocked sometimes by pifm
-    automatic switch to files when ping to google fail: there is a 5 seconds timeout to check if internet is ok, opening google.com web page, but on my pibox (b01), it keeps switching whereas internet is ok, I tried to put a 30 s timeout but it doesn't seem to have solve the pb